This course introduces the basic principles and applications of fluid transport down to microscales. The following contents will be included: scaling of fluid and particulate transport at micro- and nanoscales; pressure driven flow and passive scalar transport in microchannels; surface effects in nanoscale fluid transport such as wetting, capillarity, and thin films; electrokinetic effects and electrical double layer; transport of simple fluids, water, electrolytes in nanochannels; nanoscale gas transport, including Knudsen diffusion, slip flows and surface diffusion; particle and droplet manipulation by electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, and magnetophoresis; applications of microfluidics and nanofluidics in energy technologies.